APPLICATION OF CAD / CAM TECHNOLOGY IN DENTAL

Computer programs have changed and in many ways simplified human life in various fields of activity. Recently, digital technologies have been actively used in restorative dentistry. If earlier the manufacture of prostheses was done manually, starting from measurements, design and ending with casting, now both modeling and production are automatic processes controlled by a computer. And all this thanks to the development of CAD CAM technology.

Increasingly, CAD CAM systems in dentistry are used to model dental prosthetics. This is a technique that is suitable for the manufacture of prostheses and orthoconstructions from various materials (ceramics and titanium, cobalt-chromium and zirconium).

CAD CAM system – the name stands for Computer Assistant in CAD / Modeling and CAM / Manufacturing with dental restoration blocks such as zirconia, titanium pmma flexible or and dental cad cam milling burs.

This is a complex technology that includes several components:

3D scanning module. It is used to read the exact parameters of the area of ​​the oral cavity where the prosthesis is planned to be installed (the place where the prosthesis and adjacent teeth are installed).
CAD technology. This is a collection of information, software and technological modules that process data, display them in three-dimensional format and simulate a virtual (digital) implant sample.
CAM technology. This is a technique (machine tools, milling machines) on numerical control. In this module, a prosthesis is made from an industrial blank (composite) based on a virtual sample.

Stages of CAD CAM prosthetics

• Preparatory stage. It includes medical and hygienic procedures, treatment and installation of fillings on teeth adjacent to the prosthetic site, preparation of the site for restoration.
• Scanning the oral cavity for calculating and modeling a virtual sample of the future prosthesis, crown.
• Processing and decoding of the received information with display on a computer monitor.
• Digital development of a 3D model of the future implant.
• Automatic turning of the prosthesis on a milling machine.
• Sintering (firing).
• Finishing (grinding work).
• In the dental laboratory, it is also possible to use separately CAM technologies without a digital design system. In this case, all preparatory and design work is carried out by a dental technician.

CAD CAM restoration: technology advantages

• Accuracy.

Digital scanning, in contrast to taking impressions, provides the most reliable and complete information. To recreate the image of the scanned area in three-dimensional form, the device performs thousands of images per second. When scanning, designing a sample and making an implant in the CAD CAM system, there are no errors in the deformation of the impression material or shrinkage of the finished prosthesis.

The ability to manufacture prostheses of any complexity.

With the help of CAD CAM technology, it is possible to perform complex dental reconstructions, to manufacture denture systems and individual parts of orthoconstructions, using different materials.
Patient comfort.

The modeling procedure using an impression is not the fastest and rather unpleasant for the patient. In some, the presence of the impression material in the mouth causes nausea and a gag reflex. 3D scanning (reading information using an intraorally scanner) is a quick way to take a picture of the teeth without any discomfort for the patient.
Rapid preparation of prosthetics.

When taking an impression, it takes several days to create a model and make a prosthesis, there is a possibility of inaccuracies, then the patient has to go through all the procedures again. CAD CAM technology assumes precise execution of work at all stages of restoration. It reads information in a few seconds, and 3D modeling and software computer control of the production process eliminate errors.

The possibility of making a copy of the prosthesis.

The scanned data is saved to the computer. If, for some reason, the patient needs to replace the orthopedic structure, he can report this to the clinic. The doctor will appoint a date for the appointment, and in the dental laboratory by that time they will prepare an exact copy of the implant according to the available data.
No complications.

The high precision of the technology ensures the ideal incorporation of the prosthetic construction into the dentition, precise fit, and correct occlusion. This is a guarantee of the longevity of the implant.